Visa operates one of the world's largest payment networks, moving money between banks, merchants and consumers. The company does not lend or issue cards itself. Instead it earns fees on the enormous volume of transactions that cross its rails, a model with low capital needs and high margins. Growth comes from the global shift away from cash, cross-border travel and newer flows such as business payments and account-to-account transfers. Few networks anywhere match its combination of scale, acceptance and brand trust.